A minor route went north of the Tian Shan.
In 48, the Yang Canal linked the capital to the Luo.
However, the Yuezhi were assaulted and forced to flee from the of Gansu by the forces of the ruler , who conquered the area in 177-176 BC decades before the conquest and colonization of western tip of Gansu or the establishment of the.
Accessed 3 September 2016.
After Yusuf Qadir Khan's conquest of new land in Altishahr towards the east, he adopted the title "King of the East and China".
Following a period of disorder, during which warlord held the last Han emperor in 196—220 , Luoyang was restored to prominence when his son Cao Pi, of the , declared it his capital in 220 AD.